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Caroline

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It's hard to avoid all the bad economic news  these days. College students, I wouldn't blame you if you're nervous about leaving the safe confines of campus. The real world isn't looking too inviting these days.

So with a rough economy, are you considering grad school as — and forgive me as I pull from the headlines here — a bailout plan?

I found a great story  on NPR on this very topic. It pretty much confirms my opinion on the subject: Going to grad school just to ride out the bad economy or because you don't know for sure what you want to do is not such a good idea.

However, if you do know what you want to be when you grow up, and grad school is a means to get there, then certainly, go.

I know it often feels like the smarter choice to stay in school rather than graduate with a bachelor's degree , only to find yourself still working at a coffee shop or taking some other job that doesn't require a $75,000 education.

But the truth is, if grad school is just a chance to bide your time and figure out your goals, then you're better off getting a job — any job — than taking on more debt.

What do you think? Is the state of the economy impacting your choices as you prepare to graduate from college?

Staci

Not long ago I read an article that made me cringe: A graduate student at California State University, Northridge  decided to put her tuition on a credit card.

On her credit card? With all the other options out there? [Gasp.]

Although Jennifer didn't put her tuition on her credit card, she did charge some of her living expenses, which left her in a bit of a bind. Here's the final part of her story.

Mistake #3. Living on Credit — Not Taking out Enough Money in Loans to Cover Living Expenses

When I went away to college, my mother made a deal with me. She would give me an allowance of $200 every two weeks for living expenses (basically all she could afford). She also got me a credit card. Six years later, we still have the same deal and the same credit card.

When I took out loans, I only borrowed enough money to cover tuition costs and my rent. As it turns out, that $200 every two weeks hasn't been enough to live on, and I now have a standing balance on my credit card that I can't pay off.. Very recently a wise financial advisor pointed out to me that the nearly 18% interest rate that I pay on my credit card balance exceeds the interest rate of my student loans. Neither my mother nor I thought that it might be a good idea to budget living expenses into my student loans even though she's encouraged me to keep putting the larger, unusual purchases on my credit card.

Now that we've learned out lesson, my credit card will be paid off this fall before I start my new grad program. I've taken out extra money for my living expenses and I'm going to try something new once I'm established at school: My credit card is going in the pencil box that I bury in the bottom of my desk drawer, and I plan to withdraw a budgeted amount of cash every week.  The objective will be to live “cash to mouth,” or to make the cash last the whole week, without running out — groceries, coffee, everything. Any extra cash will go into a reward fund that I will utilize at graduation, one year from this September.

While the economy is increasingly digital, and more merchants can handle small $2.00 coffee transactions digitally, stick to cash because it's tangible. It's easier to see how the coffee adds up when you're making change and not just handing over a thin slab of plastic.

How many times have I heard that little gem of wisdom before? Lots. But there's no teacher like experience.

Jennifer's right — there's no teacher like experience. But perhaps the mistakes she made (or almost made) can help you avoid some financial pitfalls of your own.

Want to tell your student loan story? Have any wisdom to share about your own financial experiences? Send us an email — we'd love to hear from you!

Staci

Generally, Wells Fargo recommends that students exhaust all of their "free money" (such as grants and scholarships) first, then borrow federal student loans, and if they need additional funds, consider private student loans .

Graduate student Jennifer weighs the pros and cons of that borrowing strategy in her next segment.

Mistake #2: Not Considering a Private Loan over a Federal PLUS Loan for Graduate Students

When taking out my loan for grad school, I decided that I had better do my research this time. As a grad student, I now qualify for federally subsidized loans. Stafford loans only go so far, and to finance the shortfall, my options are either a Federal PLUS Loan for graduate students or a private loan. A Federal PLUS Loan for graduate students has a fixed interest rate, so of course, this is the best option. But is it really?

The terms for the two loans differ: PLUS loans have a ten-year repayment term, which can be extended with broad deferment options (including one that covers insufficient salary), and a fixed government rate of 8.5%. Private loans have a longer repayment term — up to 25 years depending upon the lender — and relatively narrower deferment options. The interest rate on private loans is based on the Prime Rate  (which is the federal funds rate plus 300 basis points, or 3%), plus a margin (one or more percentage points) based on your credit history.

Now, here's the kicker: for a private loan, the Prime Rate, plus a percentage point or two, may yield an interest rate lower than the Federal PLUS Loan if you have a good credit history. However, choosing a private loan is a gamble. The economy is currently in pretty bad shape, and the Fed has been keeping interest rates low, but inflation is also a risk — it may lead to the Fed raising interest rates in the future. The Prime Rate has ranged from 4 to 9.5% since 2000 and currently sits at 5%. Banks calculate the applicable Prime Rate differently. For example, banks can use the monthly average, yearly average, or the rate on the final day of each month. If you're going to go with the private loan, make certain that you know how your lender will calculate the interest rate.

A private loan may be the way to go if your career path is more certain and you have a good idea of what your salary will be upon graduation — i.e., you don't actually need the longer repayment term, and you can repay the loan sooner before economic conditions change too drastically and take advantage of a relatively certain lower rate of interest. But again, this is a gamble. It might be smarter to go with a Federal PLUS loan if you tend to procrastinate or think that you'll need to utilize the relatively broader repayment deferment options.

Ultimately, it comes down to this: You have to do what's best for your own financial situation, and what might work for one student might be completely wrong for another. So do as Jennifer did — if you need to take out a student loan, weigh your options, weigh your individual tolerance for risk, and after educating yourself, borrow accordingly.

We'll have Jennifer's last piece of advice on Thursday.

Staci

As we commemorate the second anniversary of the Student LoanDown — how can it be two years already? — I'm reminded of why we started blogging in the first place: To have a conversation about education financing.

Although we bloggers tell you about our experiences, it's really your experiences that resonate loudly and clearly with this community. And recently we were fortunate enough to get some great real-life experience from Jennifer, an American student about to begin graduate work at the the School of Oriental and African Studies  in London.

So for the next couple of days, I thought I'd share Jennifer's advice with all of you. It's a slightly different perspective from ours, which is what blogging's all about.

My parents were fantastic financial planners. They saved enough money to almost entirely pay for my entire undergraduate education, which was fortunate because they also made too much money for me to qualify for federal loans.

I did have to take out a couple of private education loans as an undergraduate for the summer course I took in Geneva and the month I spent doing volunteer work in Brazil. When I began to apply for loans, having already taken Intro to Microeconomics , I figured that the student loan market was probably homogenous because every bank offers student loans. How different can they be?

Plenty different, let me tell you. Thus, I would like to offer "The Three Mistakes I Made (or Almost Made) Financing My Education."

Mistake #1: Not Reading the Fine Print

Know the details of your loan. Before you sign the loan, read the fine print. I'll bet you're thinking, "Oh brilliant advice, everyone knows that you're supposed to read over the details of a loan before you sign it!" But seriously, how many people actually read the fine print, those tiny little details in seven-point font that appear in a new PDF window and go on for about six pages?

I didn't. Brilliant financial planner that I am, I was usually applying for loans after classes started, in an hour between classes, after I'd received the notice from Student Financial Services telling me that I owed the school money. I chose my lender based upon the lender my roommate at the time was using. I hate filling out loan applications because it feels as though the amount is always large and relatively abstract — while I theoretically know the value of $49,000 (the cost of 1 Masters of Science degree , also a year's salary, the cost of a luxury car, etc.), the reality of that large an amount of money remains relatively unfathomable. The possibility that I will ever earn a salary high enough to pay it back seems unreal. Even the meager $10,000s I needed sporadically as an undergrad felt relatively daunting and thus, I avoided loan applications until they became absolutely pressing.

The reality of the situation is that taking out loans requires comparative research. The first undergraduate loan I took out required repayment upon completion of my BA, regardless of whether or not I was continuing my education at the graduate level — something that I was in no position to do.

Select your private loan company carefully. Some loans allow repayment to begin before graduation, some charge an "origination fee," others do neither. It is a good idea to check the student loan options at the bank you keep a checking account with, as some banks offer post-graduation interest rate reductions for current customers. Consider opening a checking account with a bank just for the interest rate reduction; a lot of students relocate to a new city and have to open a checking account anyway, so check out which banks operate where you go to school. Many banks offer checking account applications over the internet, so you can apply before you leave home with plenty of time to apply for an education loan.

For a helpful guide to the different types of loans and their terms, check out Mapping Your Future , and for extra financial planning fun, click on the "play Show Me the Future" link on the left side of the screen.

Next week we'll be back with Parts 2 and 3 of Jennifer's financial aid life lessons. Stay tuned!

Caroline

You're probably starting school soon, if you haven't already. So let us know how your funding came together for fall semester.

How are you paying for school?  Scholarships, loans, grants, Work-Study?  All of the above?

Did you hit any bumps on the road in figuring out your financing? Got any questions?

Let us know how it went!

Dinna

A few weeks ago Staci blogged about back-to-school spending and how students and parents will spend less this year than in previous years. Sounds like everyone is trying to save money these days!

If you're among them, did you know that if you have a Visa card, you can get exclusive savings, tips, special discounts, and more on the Visa website? 

Just click on "Personal" and select "Visa Student" to find:

• Student savings, discounts, and offers from online places you love to shop

• Helpful credit management tips

• Advice on planning and living within a budget

Go check it out — you might find yourself a deal and learn something besides!

Barbara

Editor's Note: It's inevitable, Student LoanDown readers...school is about to start! In the next three posts, Barbara and Caroline — who have many years of roommate experience under their belts — share some tips on how to make dorm and roommate living a little more chic, comfortable, and fiscally responsible.

At back-to-school time, I usually have mixed emotions. Much like Staci, I love seeing the new school supplies in the aisles of the big-box stores. But I'm less excited to start seeing ads for an array of color-coordinated dorm accessories.

Room decorations and necessities can be a big clash between roommates. Have you had the talk with your roommate about what you need/want in your room? Make sure you consider your budget when you do!

You want to make your dorm room a comfortable, functional space. However, especially in these tough times, you don't need to break the bank to do it. After all, once you factor in studying in the library, participating in clubs, socializing with other students, etc., you might not even spend that much time there!

I'm a big believer in budget solutions to create what you need. (I heart watching Decorating Cents on HGTV and perusing thrift stores  and garage sales...including Staci's free sale.) So, here are some ideas to keep the dorm room essential costs down.

• Furniture — While coordinating papasan chairs may seem like a necessity, you can spice up a dorm just as easily by covering a second-hand love seat or recliner with a tapestry or even an extra bed sheet. Going frugal on furnishings doesn't mean compromising style. You can always bring in a funky retro item or personalize something with your own taste.

• Accessories — Just like with furniture, there's no need to buy all new accessories. Here's a great place to show a little ingenuity with some do-it-yourself projects. Check out DIY sites like Instructables  for ideas.

• Appliances — Instead of getting brand-new gadgets for your room, check with relatives or at garage sales to score inexpensive (or free!) necessities like a toaster, microwave, etc. Also, make sure you know if your dorm has a kitchen available for you, so you don't buy something you may already have access to.

• Space and storage solutions — If space is an issue in your room (which, let's face it, is the case at most colleges) check with older students to see if they have any lofts, shelving, or organizing units they are trying to get rid of. Students moving out of the dorms might have already created a solution that could help you.

What other tips do you have for furnishing your dorm room the frugal way?

Caroline

In this last month before school starts, you've probably got a long list of things that you need to do before heading off to college — especially if it's your freshman year. While you're making preparations, be sure you cover all the basics on your financial to-do list.

Don't have one? Luckily, I've made a handy checklist of things to help get your finances organized before you head off on your own.

1. Make sure your college financing is in order. Taking out student loans? Be sure you have contact information for your lender and your school's financial aid office so you can work with them to ensure you've got your tuition bill covered.

2. Set up a bank account. If you don't already have one, be sure you've got a savings account and an ATM card. If this is your first time owning an ATM card, be sure you know how to use it to make both deposits and withdrawals.

3. Get a credit card   for emergencies. This is nice to have as a backup plan — especially if you're taking a car to college. But be sure you understand the interest rate and how it's calculated before you ever use it.

4. Create a budget. Remember that this will be a working document that will be adjusted as you learn more about how you spend money when you're on your own. But for now, make a list of all the expenses you can anticipate at this point, as well as the income you plan to be generating.

5. Get your financial information organized. Buy a flexible file folder and keep track of any financial papers that you receive in hard copy (statements from your bank, student loan papers, etc.).

6. Talk to your parents  . Visit with your parents about money and expectations. Share your budget with them. (See item #4!) Make sure you understand what expenses they expect you to cover, and what they will pay.

7. Make a bill-paying plan. If you're going to start receiving your own bills for the first time, make a plan to ensure that they get paid on time. Will you pay them online or by check? Will you pay them as they come in, or set up a couple times a month to get them all paid at once?

This list should get you started. Now, what other financial "to-do's" do you have before college?

Staci

These days you can't open a newspaper, click on an online news site, or turn on the television without being bombarded by reports on the state of the economy. I'm not sure if it's as bad as the news reports make it out to be (is it?), but I've gotten to the point where I have to tune it out. If I don't, I start to panic.

Even with the news spouting doom and gloom, time marches on. And now that it's August, you may be getting ready to go back to school or head off for college for the first time. Either way, the gear to get you settled comfortably in your dorm room — the laptop, the mini-fridge, the coordinated bedding with twin extra-long sheets — doesn't come cheap. Of course, these are extras that come after you've already paid for the essentials: tuition, room and board, and textbooks.

Recently the National Retail Federation released their annual survey on back-to-college spending , which — like everything else — has been impacted by economic issues. According to their figures, back-to-college consumer spending will drop seven percent this year, to just under $600.

But parents have the real say in these matters, since they're usually the ones paying for it. Earlier this week, I was chatting with a co-worker who is about to send his eldest daughter off to college in Minnesota. He'd found a carpet remnant for her dorm room at a home improvement store for a song — but it took some convincing before his daughter agreed to it. Ultimately she, like many college freshmen, knows that beggars can't be choosers! 

As you ready yourself for college, what adjustments have you made in your spending? Are you finding yourself being more frugal, or aren't you worrying about it?

Barbara

Reality check: Summer is withering away and Fall classes are on their way. How are you soon-to-be college freshmen out there doing? Are you ready to be on campus?

Six years ago (-ish, I'm not dealing with my rising age very well these days!), I was preparing to jump across the Nebraska/South Dakota border to begin my college career. And it was about this time that my parents and I made a trip up north to the University of South Dakota for Fast Track registration  to meet my advisor and register for my first semester of classes.

There were also some other informational sessions to attend on things like the dorms, financial aid and student activities to name a few. However, my biggest concern was getting my student ID, or rather taking a good photo for my student ID.

Very important, indeed.

Now, you can go ahead and worry about the ID card like I did, but make sure you're also taking advantage of all the other information which will be presented to you. Summer orientation sessions — as well as those held in the week leading up to your first classes — are an awesome resource. It's the chance to learn more about the campus from other students and get a feel for the lay of the land.

Pay special attention to any information you get from sessions with financial aid officers. I know it's not as glamorous a topic as all those fabulous student organizations, but understanding the financial aspects of college is key to your success on campus. Don't be afraid to ask questions!

For those of you who've attended an orientation session already — what information or advice did you get that you could share with other readers?